Reciprocating pump



.Aug 21 1945- c. c. s.l LE cLAuR 2,383,324

REcIPRocATING PUMP Filed Aug. 11, 194s 2 sheets-sheet 1 tinued movement of the plunger in the same direction, lthe outlet port is opened and the cyll inder space infwhich. the piston movable is connected tothe pump outlet. .Infthesev circumstances, the piston returns rapidly under the action of its spring until it is again in contacti, with the plunger, at the same time displacing,

A en

liquid from they cylinder. On the returnA stroke'U when the inlet port is againopened; byjthe.

plunger liquid is sucked into the cylinder space,A around the piston to replace that discharged on p the previous stroke.

plied to a pump for pumping the de-icing liquid ,1

to de-icing apparatus on aircraft, is hereinafter described, by way of example, with reference to ithe accompanying, drawings, whereon- Fig. 1 is a sectional elevation 'of the pump;

'and

Fig. 2' is a sectional View offamultiple pumping unit comprising a number of'reciprocating pumps according to the invention.

In the following description, reference is made to the top and bottom ofthe various parts of the pump. These expressions, however,.are only used for, the purpose of description, and it 'is :toebe understood that the pump axis can be arranged vertically7 or at any desired angle to the vertical.

The pump body comprises a hollow casing I which is xed to a. base 2 and is fitted with a cylinder 3 bored to receive a slidable plunger 4, the lower end' of which projects below the cyl'- inder and is rpreferably formed with an enlarged head 5. The top end of the cylinder is closed by `a plug 6 seated on a'joint member Tat the topi end of the cylinder and bored axially to provide a guide for av differential piston 8 of relatively small diameter (less than that of the cylinder bore)I 'which is slidablein the guide.v

The `top end ofthe piston projects out of thel plug y6 and is fittedwith an inverted cup washer 9 forming a supportfor the bottom .end of a coil spring I0. c A capl I I is 'fitted onto the upper end 5 `of the said plug and is arranged to enclose the Isaid washer and, the` coil spring, the upper end the headed end 5 of the plunger in contact with a cam VI4 rotatably arranged inlthe base of the` pump which is hollow reservoir.

At such times as the piston 8 and plunger 4 are not in contact, the plunger is kept in contact with lthe cameither bythe hydraulic `pressure generated by the spring I0 vacting on' the piston or (during the time the outlet .port referred to hereinafter is open)` by the4 discharge pressure against lwhich thepump `is delivering.

A longitudinal inlet passage .45, formed at the lower end of the cylinder, provides communication between the Vliquid-filled interior ofv the and may act as aliquid hollow base` 2 and the cyilnder bore through aA transverse inlet port I6 formed in the cylinder wall. A continuation IBA of the inlet port formed at the diametrically opposite side ofthe 'cylin- One constructional form of the invention, ap'' 'n 'if "6A lfld" |35:

der communicates with the lower end of a 1ongitudinal channel I1 formed in the cylinder wall. The top end,l of the ,channelis` connected by a transverse" transfer port tI8, t'o the lcylinder bore above the plunger 4, in that part of the bore which the piston 8 occupies. A transverse outlet port I9 in the cylinder connects the pump outlet-branch 20 to the cylinder bore, and a con- ,tinuation IQAthereof, formed diametrically opposite the rst'mentioned part I9, communicates .with the said longitudinal channel I1 at a point varra'ngedgbetw'lec'en uthe inlet and transfer ports I "Iheplunger 4 is formed with an annular recess 2lv which, when the plunger is in its'lowermost position, israligned with the saidinlet ports I6 and IBA, so that liquid canbedrawn'by suction from theinterior of the pump base V2 through the inlet passage I5," the ports'IB and1I6A,`the channel l1 in the cynnde'r' andthe transfer port' ls toen the annular space 22` surrounding the piston above the plunger." rThe outlet ports I9 and IBA-rare masked by the part of theplunger above the said recess 2l, so that no' liquid can' flow from the' vchannel I'Ivinto the pumpoutletlZ ll or vice-versa.

When the carn I4 is rotated,'tl'1fe plunger 4 and the piston 8 are both lifted against the opposing action of the coil spring I0. Duringthis movementythe recess 2l in the plunger is moved up- 'wards to cut off communication between the inlet passageV I5'andg' the inlet portl lII andthe channel yI'I. As the plunger continues to'rise, the outlet ports I9 and IBA still being closedytherecis no wayof 'escape forthe liquid and, `consequently,

the plunger areabeing greater than the piston area, the pistonA is forced upwards-'at greater speed than the` plunger, against the action ofthe spring I0, which is'compressed,y and pressure is generated by the springload on the piston. On

lthe continued upward movement of the plunger,

however; the said recess-2l yeventuallyy opens communication between the port-,l9A and the loutlet port I9, thereby releasing the liquid entrapped in the passagell, transferport I8 and I pump chamber 22 and permitting the piston 8 to be' forced downwards rapidly by the coil spring \.I=0.'` -Liquid is thus discharged fromthe cylinder space above the plunger through the said'channel VI 1- and the ports IBA and I9 into the pump outlet `20. The independent downward' movement of the piston "under theinfluence of itsspring I0 is stopped by its contact with the plunger 4. This may take place before or after the latter has reached the'top end `ofits stroke and thereafter as the' cam I4'continues to rotate,y the plunger and the piston descend in company.

WhenV the recess 2l again commences to register withthe inlet ports' I6 and IBA, liquid is again sucked up from the hollow `pump 'base V2 through the inlet passage I5, the ports I6 and IBA and the longitudinalV channel I1 and'into 'the cylinder space 22 above the plunger surrounding the piston 8 and replaces the yliquid discharged during the previous stroke. I f

Fromthe foregoing 'itwill be understood that the volume of liquid discharged per stroke will be that -`represented by `the diffe'rencelbetween the plunger and piston areas; i. e., the area of the an1'1ulus'-r1iultipliedV by the strolebetween the closing-of the inlet ports IB- and IGA andopening of the outlet'port I9.` l L The above is a description of onesinglepump. It will be appreciated, however, that two or more such pumps can-be`comlbined into one-multiple pumping unit.v If anumberof pumps is-"used,

either 23d. Alternatively,

. `A single operating vshaft n `through the base and is provided with a number L i `assenza.

as shown in Fig. 2, they may be mountedupon a base 23 and arranged in anydesired relationship to each other; For example, they may be `arranged in single line or in 'V-form as in Fig. 2,

or opposedfor radially around the base. If arranged in line two or` more such lines `may be arranged parallel'to each other on one base with` two or more cam shafts to operate themf In this case, the pumps of one line may 'be staggered with relation to` those oflthe adjacent line or lines. l M f 1` When arranged in'iv, opposed orradial formation one cam 24 may operate more thanone pump as shown in Fig. 2.

, The constructional form of `the`invention shown in Fig. 2comprise`s two banks of units 25 arranged `in V-form upon a hollow `base 23, the interior 23a of which may be kept filled with the liquid to be pumped, the supply being by gravity' orunder pressure. The interior l space, said transfer passageway being adaptedto permit flow of liquid to said space when put in communication with said inlet port by said plunger and being adapted `to permit flow of -liquid from said space when put in communica-` tion with said outlet port by said plunger a differential piston having a diameter smaller than toward sai aligned pump 23a is connectedto each pump suction by a port` a separate `duct23b maybe used, this duct beingtconnected to the individual pump suctions by the ports 23e.

of axially-spaced cams 24, each` of which serves to operate the plungers of two pump units,"` Each unit has a `separate outlet 21 and an electric motor drives the operating shaft.

In this constructional form the inlet and outlet ports are led through the joint face between 26 extends axiallyV the diameterof said plunger andreciprocable in said space in said cylinder,` said piston being axially aligned with said plunger and projecting from said cylinder at the end opposite said plunger, and resilient means ybiasing said piston against said resilient means on the instroke of said plunger and' being forcedby said resilient i means toward said plunger toV pump liquid from said cylinder let port. Y

3. lA reciprocating pump as set forth in claim when said plunger opens said out- `11 wherein said plunger is provided with an annular groove whichis adapted to register alterthe pump body and the base. By adopting this f principle the pipe connections" are :attached "to the base and not to the individual pumps, so that n it is possible to detach, remove and replace any pump without breaking pipe connections.`

Iclaimz" n t. 1. A reciprocating pump, comprising a cylinder l provided with an inlet port ,connected to a source of liquid and an outletport, `a plunger slidable in said cylinder and adapted to control the open-l` ing and closing of said inlet port and said outlet port, the extent of movement of` said plunger t :being such that it leaves a space between its end and the end of: said` cylinder at the terminus of its instroke, a transfer passageway connecting said inlet portand said' outlet port with said space, said transfer passageway being `adapted to permit flow of liquid to said space when put in i port` when said nately with said inlet port and with said outlet l port.

4. A reciprocating pump as set forth in claim` 2 wherein said plunger is provided with `an an` nulargroove which is adapted to register :alternately with said `inlet port "and with said outlet" port.

5. A reciprocating pump` as set forth inclaim` 2 wherein said plunger is provided with an annularsgroove which is adapted to register with said inlet port when n said plunger is at the end ofitsoutstroke and to register withsaid outlet plunger is at theend `of its in` stroke. i i

6. A reciprocating` pump, comprising means fforming a cylinder, a passageway across said communication with an communication with `said. inlet port by said` i .plunger andfbeingv adapted to y permit flow of liquid from said space when put in communication with said outlet port by said plunger, a differential piston having a diameter smaller than'` the diameter of `said plunger and reciprocable in said space in said cylinder, and resilient means acting on said differential piston,said differential piston being moved against said resilient 'means on the instroke of `said plunger and `being moved `,Init flow of liquid from `communication With said outlet passageby said of means on both `sides of lsaid cylinder forming an inlet port in communication with an inlet passage, a second passageway `across: said means on both sides fof said `cylinder forming an outlet `port in outlet passage, a plunger slidable in said cylinderhaving an annular groove formedtherein alternatelyto establish commui i nication `through either said inlet port or said of movement of said it., leaves` a` space beof said cylinder at the a transfer passageway outlet port,. the extent plunger being such that tween its end andthe end terminus of its instroke,`

connecting said inlet port and said `outlet port withisaid space, said transfer `passageway being of liquid to said space `when put in' communication :with said inlet pas-` l adapted` to permit flow sage by saidplunger and being "adapted to persaid space when puttin plunger,` a differential piston having a diameter I smaller than thediameter of said plunger and through'a pumping stroke by said' resilient means when said plunger opens said outlet port.

2. Areciprocating pump, comprising a cylinder provided with an inlet port connected to a source of liquid andan outlet port, va plunger `slidable in said cylinder and adapted to control the opening and closing, of saidinlet port and lsald outlet t port, the extent of movement of saidplungerbeing such that it leaves a space between its end and the end of said cylinder at the terminus" of "its instroke, a transfer passageway .connecting reciprocable` in said space in said cylinder, `and resilient means biasing said `differential piston into said space, `.said differential piston being moved` against said resilient means `on the instroke of said plunger and being moved through a pumping strokev by Asaid 7. "A reciprocating pump as 'set'forth in claim 6 whereinsaid 'transfiertpassageway is formed in said cylinder forming means.

, CAMILLE CLARE ``SpaanFILING` Lis-CLAIR. t

said inlet port and said outlet port with said plunger, said piston being moved resilient means when said l plunger `establishes communication through said `outletfport. i 

